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Article History

Received: 18 July 2025

Accepted: 5 September 2025

First Online: 26 September 2025

Declarations

:

: Anna Ramond and Theresa Rosario-Jansen: employees and shareholders of UCB. Xinyu Yang: received compensation for activities with Parexel International as an employee. Amy S. Paller: received investigator fees from AbbVie, Dermavant, Eli Lilly and Company, Johnson & Johnson Innovative Medicine, and UCB and received honoraria from AbbVie, Arcutis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Dermavant, LEO Pharma, and UCB.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. MarketScan data are collected as part of billing for routine patient care and de-identified before access is granted to researchers; therefore, no Institutional Review Board review or patient consent was needed. The data were accessed in compliance with US data privacy regulations, including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The dataset does not contain any direct patient identifiers, and the research team had no access to identifiable private information at any point; therefore, no Institutional Review Board review or patient consent was needed.

: All the results presented in this article are in aggregate form, and no personally identifiable information was used for this study.