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Article History

Received: 25 August 2025

Accepted: 31 October 2025

First Online: 10 December 2025

Declarations

:

: Andrew Alexis has served as an advisor, consultant, speaker, and/or investigator for Abbvie, Allergan, Almirall, Amgen, Arcutis, Bausch Health, Beiersdorf, BMS, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Cara, Castle, Cutera, Dermavant, Eli Lilly, EPI, Galderma, Janssen, L’Oreal, Leo, Novartis, Ortho, Sanofi-Regeneron, Sol–Gel, Swiss American, UCB, VisualDx, and Vyne and earns royalties with Springer, Wiley-Blackwell, and Wolters Kluwer Health. Raj Chovatiya has served as an advisor, consultant, speaker, and/or investigator for AbbVie, Acelyrin, Alumis, Amgen, AnaptysBio, Apogee Therapeutics, Arcutis Biotherapeutics Inc., Argenx, Astria Therapeutics Inc., Avalere Health, Beiersdorf, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cara Therapeutics, Castle Biosciences, CLn Skin Care, Dermavant, Eli Lilly and Company, EMD Serono, Formation Bio, Galderma, Genentech, GSK, Incyte, Johnson & Johnson, Kenvue, LEO Pharma, L’Oréal, Nektar Therapeutics, Novartis, Opsidio, Pfizer Inc., RAPT, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sitryx, Takeda, TRex Bio, UCB, and Zai Lab. Raj Chovatiya is an editorial board member of Dermatology and Therapy . Raj Chovatiya was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Susan Taylor has nothing to disclose. Nada Elbuluk has served as a consultant, advisory board member, and/or speaker for Avita, Incyte, VisualDx, La Roche Posay, Beiersdorf, Unilever, Allergan, Eli Lilly, Galderma, Pfizer, Takeda, Abbvie, Janssen, Sanofi, L’Oreal, McGraw Hill, Dior, and Medscape. She has received royalties from McGraw-Hill. She has stock options in VisualDx. Chesahna Kindred has nothing to disclose. Tanja Bosshard Becker is an employee at Executive Insight Healthcare Consultants. Vivian Shi is on the board of directors for the Hidradenitis Suppurativa Foundation (HSF), an advisor for the National Eczema Association, is a stock shareholder of Learn Health, and has served as an advisory board member, investigator, speaker, and/or received research funding from Sanofi Genzyme, Regeneron, AbbVie, Genentech, Eli Lilly, Novartis, SUN Pharma, LEO Pharma, Pfizer, Incyte, Dermavant, Boehringer Ingelheim, Almirall, Alumis, Aristea Therapeutics, Menlo Therapeutics, Dermira, Burt’s Bees, Galderma, Kiniksa, UCB, Ceraclere, Bain Capital, Target-PharmaSolutions, Castle Bioscience, Altus Lab/cQuell, MYOR, Polyfins Technology, GpSkin, and Skin Actives Scientific. Meena Hansen, Maria Jose Rueda, and Amber R. Atwater are employees at and hold stock in Eli Lilly and Company. Amber R. Atwater is a previous employee and stockholder at Eli Lilly and Company. Tanja Bosshard Becker is an employee at Executive Insight Healthcare Consultants. Seemal R. Desai has previously served as a consultant for Lilly and has no other relevant conflicts of interest.

: This article is based on previously published studies and does not include any new research involving human participants or animals conducted by the authors.