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Article History

Received: 24 September 2025

Accepted: 10 December 2025

First Online: 15 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Matthias Augustin: Consultant for, paid speaker for, and/or recipient of institutional research grants from AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Bayer Healthcare, Beiersdorf, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion, Centocor, Lilly, Fresenius, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Hexal, Janssen, Klinge, LEO Pharma, MC2, Medac, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sandoz, Sun Pharma, UCB, and Viatris. Stephan J. Rustenbach: No conflicts of interest to declare. Ralph von Kiedrowski: Consultant and/or paid speaker for AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Celltrion HC, Fresenius Kabi, Galderma, Hexal, Lilly, Janssen, LEO Pharma, MoonLake, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis, and UCB. Hamid Amouzadeh: Employment and stock ownership in Amgen. Kathy Tran: Employment and stock ownership in Amgen. Myriam Cordey: Employment and stock ownership in Amgen. Ulrich Mrowietz: Advisor for, received speakers’ honoraria and grants from, and participated in clinical trials for AbbVie, Aditxt, Almirall, Amgen, Aristea, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Dr. Reddy’s, Lilly, Foamix, Formycon, Immunic, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Medac, MetrioPharm, Novartis, Phi-Stone, Pierre Fabre, Sanofi-Aventis, and UCB.

: The PsoBest registry was planned and performed under strict rules of patient protection as suggested by German and European laws, the Declaration of Helsinki, and Good Clinical Practice as described in the International Council for Harmonisation Guideline E6. Consent from the ethics committee of the physician’s chamber of the Federal State of Hamburg was obtained (Ethikkommission der Ärztekammer Hamburg, Weidestr. 122b, 22083 Hamburg, Bearbeitungs-Nr. 2805). Signed informed consent was required before study participation.