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Authors
Blauvelt, Andrew
Deininger, Kimberly M.
Porter, Joshua
Sohn, Alexis
Qin, Shanshan
McLeod, Lori
Rylands, Angela J.
Nelson, Lauren
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Amgen
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Article History
Received: 31 October 2025
Accepted: 16 December 2025
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
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: Andrew Blauvelt has served as a speaker (received honoraria) for Eli Lilly and Company, UCB, and Almirall; has served as a scientific adviser (received honoraria) for AbbVie, Almirall, Alumis, Amgen, Anaptysbio, Apogee, Arcutis, Astria, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Myers Squibb, Celltrion, Corvus, Dermavant, Eli Lilly and Company, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Immunovant, Incyte, IQVIA, Janssen, Leo, Lipidio, Merck, Novartis, Oruka, Paragon, Pfizer, Rani Therapeutics, Regeneron, Sanofi, Spherix Global Insights, Sun Pharma, Syncona, Takeda, UCB, Union, and Zai Lab; has acted as a clinical study investigator (institution has received clinical study funds) for AbbVie, Acelyrin, Almirall, Alumis, Amgen, Arcutis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Dermavant, Eli Lilly and Company, Galderma, Incyte, Janssen, Leo, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, Takeda, and UCB; and owns stock in Lipidio and Oruka. Kimberly M. Deininger, Joshua Porter, and Alexis Sohn are employees of Amgen Inc. and hold stocks or shares. Shanshan Qin, Lauren Nelson, and Lori McLeod are full-time employees of RTI Health Solutions, an independent nonprofit research organization contracted with Amgen Inc. to conduct the research for this manuscript. Their compensation is unconnected to studies on which they work. Angela J Rylands is an employee of Kyowa Kirin International, Inc., and may hold stock or shares.
: This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants performed by any of the authors. All participants provided informed consent. This psychometric evaluation adhered to Good Clinical Practice guidelines and the clinical studies received ethical review board approvals from each study site. This secondary analysis of deidentified data collected from clinical trials was deemed exempt from additional institutional review board review. Additional approvals were not required.
