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Authors
de Leon, Stephanie T. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8413-9777
Zabala, Diandra A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0946-4974
Viriyaskultorn, Noldtawat https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8881-6456
Buranaporn, Panyapat https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7954-534X
Bhorntarakcharoen, Woramate https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1092-455X
Hutachoke, Thrit https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7027-1365
Leesanguankul, Thanyaporn https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5252-3009
Wannawittayapa, Teerapat https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3500-1018
Tantrapongsathorn, Wetch
Sittiwanaruk, Sariya https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5236-4193
Wanitphakdeedecha, Rungsima https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3926-2193
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
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Article History
Received: 23 June 2025
Accepted: 19 December 2025
First Online: 11 January 2026
Declarations
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: Stephanie de Leon, Diandra Zabala, Noldtawat Viriyaskultorn, Panyapat Buranaporn, Woramate Bhorntarakcharoen, Thrit Hutachoke, Thanyaporn Leesanguankul, Teerapat Wannawittayapa, Wetch Tantrapongsathorn, Sariya Sittiwanaruk, and Rungsima Wanitphakdeedecha declare that they have no competing interests.
: The protocol was approved by the Siriraj Institutional Review Board (COA no. Si 780/2022 Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University), and conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki (Clinical Trial Registration: TCTR20230212003, ). All participants were provided with detailed information on the IRB-approved study protocol. Informed consent was obtained prior to enrollment, which encompassed publication of data and images from the trial.
