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Authors
Viguier, Manuelle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9049-8700
Jullien, Denis https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2995-7928
Misery, Laurent https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8088-7059
Kromer, Christian https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2197-4907
Mockenhaupt, Maja https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6596-1684
Lakshminarasimhan, Bhargav https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2263-1366
Najean, Marie https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0534-8650
Pillai, Nichiren
Khan, Shah Alam
Gottlieb, Alice B. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-8618
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Boehringer Ingelheim
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Article History
Received: 27 November 2025
Accepted: 9 February 2026
First Online: 8 March 2026
Declarations
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: Manuelle Viguier declares paid activities as an advisor, speaker or consultant for AbbVie, Almirall, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen-Cilag, Medac, Bristol Myers Squibb, Biogen, and Novartis. Denis Jullien reports honoraria from AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Fresenius-Kabi, Janssen-Cilag, LEO Pharma, Lilly, Medac, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Sandoz, and UCB for consultant, speaker, investigator, scientific officer, steering committee member, and/or advisory board member activities. Laurent Misery reports honoraria from AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Fresenius-Kabi, Janssen-Cilag, LEO Pharma, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, and UCB for consultant, speaker, investigator, scientific officer, steering committee member, and/or advisory board member activities. Christian Kromer has been an advisor and/or received speaker’s honoraria from AbbVie, Janssen-Cilag, Novartis, Almirall, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Dermapharm. Maja Mockenhaupt reports financial support for the Dokumentationszentrum schwerer Hautreaktionen (dZh) for research on cutaneous adverse reactions from several pharmaceutical companies, including Boehringer Ingelheim, through contracts with the University of Freiburg. Bhargav Lakshminarasimhan, Marie Najean, Nichiren Pillai, and Shah Alam Khan are employees of Boehringer Ingelheim. Alice B. Gottlieb has received research/educational grants from Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Moonlake, and UCB Pharma (all paid to Mount Sinai School of Medicine until May 1, 2025). At UT Southwestern Medical Center, she is a sub-investigator on studies from Janssen and BMS. She has also received honoraria as an advisory board member and consultant for Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Oruka, Sanofi, Sun Pharma, Takeda, Teva, and UCB.
: Given the use of anonymized patient data from SNDS, no individual informed consent and no institutional review boards were required for this study. Permission to access the database was granted for this project.
