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Authors
Liu, Zhenfeng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5968-2750
Yi, Zhen
Wang, Peng
Wan, Li
Ye, Li
Chen, Yijing
Zhong, Yiping
Qiu, Mengting
Wu, Linshan
Fan, Li
Fu, Xiaoyan
Widgerow, Alan D.
Yang, Yuanmeng
Blanché, Céline
Yang, Bin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Galderma (nil)
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Article History
Received: 23 March 2026
Accepted: 31 May 2026
First Online: 20 June 2026
Declarations
Conflict of Interest: Alan D. Widgerow, Yuanmeng Yang, and Céline Blanché are employees of Galderma and may hold stock or other financial interests in the company. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Ethical Approval: Both study protocols were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University. The studies were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent, including consent for publication of facial photographs.
