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Article History

Received: 3 January 2026

Accepted: 22 June 2026

First Online: 30 July 2026

Declarations

Conflict of Interest: Mark G Lebwohl is an employee of Mount Sinai and receives research funds from: AbbVie, Arcutis Inc., Avotres Therapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cara therapeutics, Clexio, Dermavant Sciences, Eli Lilly, Incyte, Inozyme, Janssen, Pfizer, Sanofi-Regeneron, and UCB; and is a consultant for Almirall; AltruBio Inc.; Apogee; Arcutis, Inc.; AstraZeneca; Atomwise; Avotres Therapeutics; Boehringer Ingelheim; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Castle Biosciences; Celltrion; PPD™ CorEvitas™ Clinical Registries, Thermo Fisher Scientific; Dermavant Sciences; Dermsquared; Evommune, Inc.; Facilitation of International Dermatology Education; Forte Biosciences; Galderma; Genentech; Incyte; LEO Pharma; Meiji Seika Pharma; Mindera; Pfizer; Sanofi-Regeneron; Seanergy; Strata; Takeda; Trevi; and Verrica. Mark G Lebwohl is an Editorial Board member of Dermatology and Therapy . Mark G Lebwohl was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Ranga Gogineni and Asif Shaikh are employees of Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc. Taylor Blachley, Thomas Eckmann, and Alicia Beeghly are employees and shareholders of Thermo Fisher Scientific. Jerry Bagel has received research funds for the Psoriasis Treatment Center from AbbVie, Amgen, Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene Corporation, Corrona LLC, Dermavant Sciences, Dermira, Lilly, Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Janssen, Kadmon Corporation, LEO Pharma, Lycera Corp, Menlo Therapeutics, Novartis, Ortho Dermatologics, Pfizer, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Sun Pharma, Taro Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, and UCB; is or has been a consultant for AbbVie, Amgen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene Corporation, Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Sun Pharma, and UCB; and is or has been a speaker for AbbVie, Celgene Corporation, Eli Lilly, Janssen, and Novartis.

Ethical Approval: The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Guidelines for Good Pharmacoepidemiology Practice. All participating investigators were required to obtain full board approval for conducting research involving human subjects. Sponsor approval and continuing review was obtained through a central institutional review board (IRB, Advarra, protocol number Pro00051221). For academic investigative sites that did not receive a waiver to use the central IRB, approval was garnered from the respective governing IRBs and documentation of approval was submitted to the Sponsor prior to initiating any study procedures. All Registry participants provided written informed consent for participation and publication.