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Article History

Received: 12 May 2026

Accepted: 27 July 2026

First Online: 21 August 2026

Declarations

Conflicts of Interest: Shirley Dehn, Daniel Cooper, Christian Weyer, Beatrice Ferguson, and Swetha Srinivasan were employees of Escient Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Incyte Corporation, at the time of the study. Etienne Saint-Cyr Proulx has served as an advisory board member, consultant, speaker, and/or investigator and received honoraria and/or grants from AbbVie, Arcutis, Arena Pharma, Aristea, Asana BioSciences, Bellus Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, CARA, Celgene, Dermavant, Eli Lilly, Galderma, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte Corporation, Kiniksa, LEO Pharma, Neokera, Pfizer, Regeneron, Sanofi-Genzyme, Sienna, Target RWE, and UCB Pharma. Robert Bissonnette has served an advisory board member, consultant, speaker, and/or investigator for and has received honoraria and/or grants from AbbVie, Aclaris, Almirall, Alumis, Amgen, Apogee, Arcutis, Areteia, Artax, Attovia, BioMimetix, Bluefin, CARA Therapeutics, Clexio, Eli Lilly, Escient Pharmaceuticals, Fresh Tracks (Brickell), Incyte Corporation, Inmagene Bio, J&J (Janssen), LEO Pharma, Merck, Opsidio, Organon (Dermavant), Pfizer, Q32, RAPT Therapeutics, Sanofi-Genzyme, Sanofi Aventis, Sitryx, Target RWE, T Rex Bio, Triveni, Xencor, and Zurabio and is an employee and shareholder of Innovaderm Research.

Ethical Approval: This study was conducted in accordance with ethical principles from the Declaration of Helsinki, International Council for Harmonisation, and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. Protocols were approved by the institutional review board or ethics committee (Advarra, Inc., Columbia, MD, USA). All patients provided written informed consent prior to the start of the study.