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Authors
Habireche, M. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9995-7045
Elmohri, A.
Haireche, S.
Bacha, N.
Boughedaoui, R.
Abdellah Elhadj, Abdellah
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Article History
Received: 28 April 2025
Revised: 28 July 2025
Accepted: 5 August 2025
First Online: 25 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study did not involve human participants, animals, or sensitive data, and therefore did not require ethical approval. All experimental procedures related to materials and testing were conducted in accordance with standard institutional and international guidelines.
: There is no conflict of interest. The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
