Karakra, Abdallah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2688-150X
Fontanili, Franck https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3120-6453
Lamine, Elyes https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1728-7744
Lamothe, Jacques https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3199-9876
Funding for this research was provided by:
Birzeit University
Article History
Received: 4 September 2025
Revised: 25 November 2025
Accepted: 26 November 2025
First Online: 19 December 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.