Ismail, Ismail https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0141-602X
Utami Tunjung Pratiwi, Sylvia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3254-9407
Damayanti, Ema https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4017-0499
Widada, Jaka https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5012-3795
Ysrafil, Ysrafil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5980-7525
Nur, Syamsu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7730-4414
Umar, Abdul Halim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2515-3455
Handayani, Ira https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3848-9994
Ratnakomala, Shanti https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4576-4728
Funding for this research was provided by:
Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi (02256/BPPT/BPI.06/9/2023)
Article History
Received: 1 March 2026
Revised: 10 May 2026
Accepted: 22 May 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This article does not contain any studies involving human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.