Kwon, Soonwook
Park, Ye Bin
Han, Kyung-Do
Chung, Yeon Hak
Cho, Eun Bin
Shin, Dong Wook
Min, Ju-Hong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7338-9067
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sungkyunkwan University
Article History
Received: 14 October 2025
Accepted: 3 March 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
Competing interests: Ju-Hong Min is funded by and has received research support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (MIST and KHIDI) and SMC Research and Development Grant. She has lectured, consulted and received honoraria from Bayer Healthcare, Merck, Biogen Idec, Sanofi, UCB, Samsung Bioepis, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Celltrion, Roche, Janssen, and Astrazeneca. The other authors report no conflicts of interest related to the manuscript.
Ethics board approval: This research was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Samsung Medical Center (IRB No. 2025-04-084). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the board because we used de-identified retrospective data.