Yusmaini, N. A.
Suzaimi, N. D.
Abuhabib, A.
Almanassra, I. W.
Bagastyo, A. Y.
Adnan, F. H.
Ghani, R. A.
Hamzah, S. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4330-2167
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
Article History
Received: 4 April 2025
Revised: 25 September 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 13 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this article. The research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.