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Authors
Zubir, A.
Normaya, E.
Danial, W. Hazman
Goh, P. Sean
Piah, M. Bijarimi Mat
Show, P.-L.
Ismail, A. Fauzi
Ahmad, M. Norazmi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5742-0346
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia (FRGS/1/2024/STG04/UIAM/02/4)
International Islamic University Malaysia
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Article History
Received: 30 June 2025
Revised: 8 November 2025
Accepted: 12 November 2025
First Online: 3 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have influenced the work reported in this paper.
