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Article History

Received: 2 July 2025

Accepted: 31 July 2025

First Online: 13 August 2025

Declarations

:

: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Formal ethical approval was not obtained; however, all plasma drug concentration testing was performed by a certified third-party laboratory, with written informed consent for external laboratory testing obtained from each participant. The dataset used for analysis was fully anonymized prior to access and analysis. Given the retrospective design and use of de-identified data, the requirement for further institutional review and patient consent was waived.

: The authors declare no competing interests.