Brown, M
Abeer, F
Roe, T
Beecham, R
Arscott, O
Eastwood, B
Mahar, S
Montague, M
Neseam, D
Patel, P
Srinivasa, J
Greenwell, A
Thomas, K
Browning, D
Wilson-Davies, E
Conway Morris, A
Grocott, MPW
Saeed, K
Dushianthan, A
Article History
Received: 4 June 2025
Accepted: 1 September 2025
First Online: 9 September 2025
Declarations
:
: The study formed part of a large cohort study (CRIT-CO) investigating outcomes for critically ill patients in our ICU. The study was sponsored by the University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust (RHM CRI 0370) and approved by the Health Research Authority and Health and Care Research Wales (HCRW) (IRAS 232922, approval date: 26/11/2018).
: All identifiable patient data has been anonymised, and due to the retrospective observational nature of the study, consent was waived. This study is compliant with local and HRA ethical standards.
: The authors declare no competing interests.