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Authors
Millet Pascual-Leone, Belén
Fiocca Vernengo, Facundo
Hillus, David
Wernicke, Charlotte
Krishnamoorthy, Gopinath
Rupp, Jan
Rohde, Gernot
Pletz, Mathias W.
Witzenrath, Martin
,
Fuchs, A.
Paul, G.
Ayoub, M.
Prasse, A.
Bauer, W.
Diehl-Wiesenecker, E. C.
Galtung, N.
Kodde, C.
Stoppe, Y.-M.
Boesecke, C.
Breitschwerdt, S.
Benke, D.
Schmager, S.
Grünewaldt, A.
Wheeler, J.
Schaaf, B.
Kremling, J.
Kolditz, M.
Schulte-Hubbert, B.
Ronczka, J.
Seeger, A.
Kohlhäufl, J.
Stolz, D.
Fähndrich, S.
Panning, M.
Unnewehr, M.
Lim, R.
Hoeper, M.
Pink, I.
Drick, N.
Fühner, T.
Steinberg, T.
Barten-Neiner, G.
Kröner, W.
Unruh, O.
Adaskina, N.
Eberhardt, F.
Illig, T.
Klopp, N.
Schleenvoigt, B. T.
Moeser, A.
Drömann, D.
Parschke, P.
Franzen, K.
Waldeck, F.
Gebel, B.
Käding, N.
Boutin, S.
Schneider, J.
Erber, J.
Voit, F.
Heigener, D.
Hering, I.
Albrich, W.
Rassouli, F.
Wirth, B.
Neurohr, C.
Essig, A.
Stenger, S.
Wallner, M.
Burgmann, H.
Traby, L.
Schubert, L.
Suttorp, Norbert
Sander, Leif Erik
Vestergaard Jensen, Andreas
Opitz, Bastian
Thibeault, Charlotte
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
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Article History
Received: 17 August 2025
Accepted: 1 October 2025
First Online: 12 October 2025
Declarations
:
: G.R. received personal fees from Astra Zeneca, Atriva, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Insmed, MSD, Sanofi, Novartis and Pfizer for consultancy during advisory board meetings and personal fees from Astra Zeneca, Berlin Chemie, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Essex Pharma, Grifols, GSK, Insmed, MSD, Roche, Sanofi, Solvay, Takeda, Novartis, Pfizer and Vertex for lectures. M.P. received consulting fees and/or payment for honoraria for lectures and presentations from Pfizer, MSA, Sanofi, Janssen, GSK, Astrazeneca, Shionogi and Infectiopharm, Biomerieux and Sanofi, support for attending meetings and/or travel from Pfizer, MSD, has a patent planned with bioactive glass element, participated in data safety monitoring board or advisory board of Biomerieux and Sanofi and is president of the Paul Ehrlich Society for Antiinfective Chemotherapy and Board of Director of CAPNETZ and German Sepsis Society. M.W. received funding from the German Research Foundation—SFB 1449 (project ID 431232613), sub-project B02, from the German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space in the framework of e:Med SYMPATH (01ZX2206A, 01ZX1906A), NUM-NAPKON (01KX2121, 01KX2021), CAP-TSD (031L0286B), PROGRESS (82DZLJ19C1, 82DZLJ19B1), NAPCODE (01EQ2406B), from the Federal Joint Committee (G-BA)—T-CABS (01NVF23109), from the Federal Ministry of Health (BMG)—PAIS Care (ZMII2-2524FSB105), from the Ministry of Defence—NoVAP (E/U2ED/PD014/OF550), and from Aptarion, Pantherna and Biotest for research outside the current study, and for lectures and advisory from Astra Zeneca, Chiesi, Insmed, Gilead, Pfizer, Boehringer, Biotest, Pantherna and Aptarion.
