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Authors
Nguyen, Chi
Ryali, Radha
Skaar, Jeffrey R.
Chow, Wing
Robar, Carey
Kaufman, Allegra
Li, Weilong
Shah, Binita
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Novo Nordisk Inc
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Article History
Received: 10 April 2026
Accepted: 11 June 2026
First Online: 1 August 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: Chi Nguyen and Jeffrey R. Skaar are employees of Novo Nordisk Inc. and shareholders of Novo Nordisk A/S. Jeffrey R. Skaar holds equity in Trinity Life Sciences. Allegra Kaufman, Carey Robar, Radha Ryali, Weilong Li, and Wing Chow were employees of Novo Nordisk Inc. at the time that the study was conducted. Allegra Kaufman is a shareholder of Novo Nordisk A/S. Binita Shah has served as a consultant for Novo Nordisk Inc.
Ethical Approval: The study used deidentified data and was, thus, exempt from institutional review board approval. The authors had permission from the database owner to use the data for the purpose of this study. The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles established in the Declaration of Helsinki and followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement for cohort studies.
