Shephard, Ardra
Kolaczkowski, Laura
Barker, Noreen
Nahal, Donna
Oreja-Guevara, Celia
Reyes, Saúl
Gray, Helen
Salloukh, Hashem
Giovannoni, Gavin http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9995-1700
Funding for this research was provided by:
Merck KGaA
Article History
Received: 9 January 2024
Accepted: 18 March 2024
First Online: 17 May 2024
Declarations
:
: Ardra Shephard has received fees from Biogen (2021), EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA, USA, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Merck (2021), Novartis, and Roche (2021). Laura Kolaczkowski has served on patient advisory panels for Biogen, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA, USA, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, and Janssen Pharmaceutical. Noreen Barker has received support attending educational meetings and honoraria for advisory boards from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Sanofi, and Teva. Donna Nahal has nothing to disclose. Celia Oreja-Guevara has received speaker and consultation fees from Alexion, Biogen Idec, BMS, Horizon, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Teva. Saúl Reyes has received speaking honoraria or scientific advisory fees from Biogen, Merck, Novartis, and Roche. Helen Gray is an employee of Merck Serono Ltd., Feltham, UK, an affiliate of Merck KGaA. Hashem Salloukh is an employee of Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. Gavin Giovannoni has received compensation for serving as a consultant or speaker for or has received research support from AbbVie, Aslan, Atara Bio, Biogen, BMS-Celgene, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen/J&J, Japanese Tobacco, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, LifNano, MSD, Merck/EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., Billerica, MA, USA, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Moderna, Novartis, Sanofi, Roche/Genentech, and Viracta.
: This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Ethics committee approval was not required.