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Authors
Zhu, Lili https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6653-6065
Fu, Shengqi https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9937-1676
Zhang, Ying https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2330-3352
Shi, Baoyang https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9087-8683
Li, Haoran https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2298-7953
Meng, Fanchao
Ji, Peng https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0324-5106
Zhang, Dongya https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3900-1756
Zhang, Yanjun https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1353-0345
Xu, Yuan https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1953-4017
Jiang, Bo https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8462-5634
Gao, Xiaofei
Liu, Lijuan https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5293-9673
Chen, Weifeng https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6678-1657
Ruan, Li https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5078-5952
Zhang, Shaolei https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5732-7526
Yang, Yang https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7825-6233
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Henan Province Science and Technology Research Project (242102310048)
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Article History
Received: 5 June 2025
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 31 August 2025
Declarations
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: Lili Zhu, Shengqi Fu, Ying Zhang, Baoyang Shi, Haoran Li, Fanchao Meng, Peng Ji, Dongya Zhang, Yanjun Zhang, Yuan Xu, Bo Jiang, Xiaofei Gao, Lijuan Liu, Weifeng Chen, Li Ruan, Shaolei Zhang, and Yang Yang declare that they have no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Fifth Clinical Medical College of Henan University of Chinese Medicine (Zhengzhou People’s Hospital; approval number: 2019L0958) and was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.
