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Authors
Lin, Yunpeng
Liu, Xiaoning
Ren, Bingcheng
Wang, Jiwen
Li, Yang
Liu, Xiangbo
Wang, Yidi
Xiao, Fushun
Mu, Shiqing
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Article History
Received: 18 June 2025
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 27 August 2025
Declarations
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: Yunpeng Lin, Xiaoning Liu, Bingcheng Ren, Jiwen Wang, Yang Li, Xiangbo Liu, Yidi Wang, Fushun Xiao and Shiqing Mu declare that they have no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was granted by Tianjin Medical University General Hospital (Approval No. IRB2024-YX-296-01) in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the IRB.
