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Authors
Yang, Xiaoqin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1806-1592
Done, Nicolae
Cunnington, Marianne
Gao, Yipeng
Dettling, Theresa
Pfefferkorn, Jack
Young-Xu, Leili
Duh, Mei Sheng
Wolters, Pamela L.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, in collaboration with Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease
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Article History
Received: 10 February 2026
Accepted: 30 March 2026
First Online: 17 April 2026
Declarations
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: Xiaoqin Yang is an employee of Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA and owns stock in Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA. Nicolae Done, Marianne Cunnington, Yipeng Gao, Jack Pfefferkorn, Leili Young-Xu, and Mei Sheng Duh are employees of Analysis Group, Inc., which received funding from Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA, for the conduct of the present study. Theresa Dettling is an employee of, and owns stock in, Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease. Pamela L. Wolters receives research support from the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health and her contributions to this project were made as part of her official duty as an NIH federal employee, are in compliance with agency policy requirements, and are considered Works of the United States Government. However, the findings and conclusions presented in this paper are those of these authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NIH or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
: This retrospective survey study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study was approved by the Pearl IRB (IRB ID: 2024-0232). Consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants. All participants signed an informed consent form regarding the publication of the data they contributed to this study.
