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Authors
Li, Yue
Yang, Huan
Tan, Song
Luo, Lijun
Cao, Xuebing
Hu, JinQuan
Bu, Bitao
Chang, Ting
Li, Zhijun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Grant No. 25-2ZJZ08002-02)
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Article History
Received: 28 March 2026
Accepted: 21 May 2026
First Online: 10 June 2026
Declarations
Conflict of Interest: Yue Li, Huan Yang, Song Tan, Lijun Luo, Xuebing Cao, JinQuan Hu, Bitao Bu, Ting Chang, and Zhijun Li declare no competing interests.
Ethical Approval: The protocol was approved by all the necessary ethics committees and institutional review boards at each trial site. The institutional review board approval number from the leading institution for this study (Tongji Hospital) is TJ-JRB202411058. This retrospective study was granted a waiver of informed consent because it used de-identified data. All procedures rigorously adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
