Document is current

Article History

Received: 17 March 2026

Accepted: 10 June 2026

First Online: 11 July 2026

Declarations

:

: Harold F. Hounchonou, Merle Hirsch, Josef M. Lang, Florian Wild, Omar Abu-Fares, Shadi Al-Afif, and Joachim K. Krauss meet authorship criteria, have approved the final manuscript, and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work. All co-authors are aware of the submission to this journal, and agree to allow the corresponding author to serve as the primary correspondent with the editorial office and to review and sign off on the final proofs for publication. No deserving authors have been omitted from the authorship list. All persons who made substantial contributions to the manuscript are listed as authors. This manuscript complies with all instructions to authors and has not been published elsewhere and is not under consideration by another journal. STROBE Checklist was used

: Harold F. Hounchonou has nothing to disclose. Merle Hirsch has nothing to disclose. Josef M. Lang has nothing to disclose. Florian Wild has nothing to disclose. Omar Abu-Fares has nothing to disclose. Shadi Al-Afif has nothing to disclose. Joachim K. Krauss has nothing to disclose.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki of 1964 and its later amendments. For this type of study, formal approval of the institutional ethics at the Medical School of Hannover is not required. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants, including consent for the use of anonymized clinical and biological data for research and publication purposes.