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Article History

Received: 6 October 2023

Accepted: 5 December 2023

First Online: 9 January 2024

Declarations

:

: Kristina Mardberg and Marie Nishimwe are employed by GSK. Alen Marijam and Amit Bhavsar are employed by and hold shares in GSK. Amit Bhavsar hold shares in Sanofi. Emma Södergren and Patrik Stäck are employed by Lumell Associates. Marie Nishimwe has received consulting fees as an AIXIAL SPRL consultant on behalf of GSK. Lumell Associates received consulting fees from GSK to complete the work disclosed in this publication. Tomas Bergström declares he received writing support from Business and Decision Life Science on behalf of GSK and support for data collection from Lumell for the present manuscript. Tomas Bergström also declares consulting fees from GSK and Lumell paid to Viridoc Limited Company (Sweden) and payment for lectures or presentations paid to Viridoc Limited Company. All authors declare no other financial and non-financial relationships and activities and no conflicts of interest.

: The study was approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority, which determined that informed consent from the participants was not required. The study used retrospective data collected within Swedish registries and the data were handled without the possibility of direct identification by the researchers.

: <i>Zostavax</i> is a trademark owned by or licensed to Merck & Co. <i>Shingrix</i> is a trademark owned by or licensed to GSK.