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Article History

Received: 7 August 2024

Accepted: 2 October 2024

First Online: 24 October 2024

Declarations

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: Carolina Garcia-Vidal has received grants and honoraria for talks from MSD, Gilead Sciences Inc., Pfizer Inc., Janssen, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Mundipharma, and Shionogi. Carolina Garcia-Vidal has also received a national research grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. David A Enoch has participated in advisory boards for Mundipharma/Napp, Pfizer Inc., and MSD and has received honoraria for consulting services to Tillots Pharmaceuticals and Pfizer Inc. Dionysios Neofytos has received research support from MSD and Pfizer Inc. and consulting fees from MSD, Pfizer Inc., Basilea, Takeda, and Gilead Sciences Inc. Katherine Houghton and Maria Jiminez are salaried employees of RTI Health Solutions. RTI Health Solutions received funding from Pfizer Inc. for the conduct of this research and medical writing services. Oliver Cornely has received consulting fees and payment or honoraria from Abbott, AbbVie, Akademie für Infektionsmedizin, Al-Jazeera Pharmaceuticals/Hikma, Amedes, AstraZeneca, Aicuris, Basilia, Biocon, Cidara, Seqirus, Deutscher Ärzteverlag, Gilead Sciences Inc., GSK, IQVIA, Janssen, Grupo Biotoscana/United Medical/Knight, Ipsen Pharma, Medscape/WebMD, MedUpdate, MSD, Moderna, Mundipharma, Matinas, MedPace, Menarini, Molecular Partners, MSG-ERC, Munipharma, Noscendo, Noxxon, Octopharma, Paul-Martini-Stiftung, Pardes, Partner Therapeutics, Pfizer Inc., PSI, Sandoz, Scynexis, Seres, Shionogi, streamedup!, Touch Independent, and Vitis. OC has also participated on advisory boards for Boston Strategic Partners, Cidara, IQVIA, Janssen, MedPace, PSI, Pulmocide, Shionogi, and The Prime Meridian Group. Edward Broughton, Lili Jiang, Maria Lavinea Novis de Figueiredo Valente, and Maria Fernandez are shareholders in Pfizer Inc. Tobias Lahmer has received travel grants and lecture fees from Pfizer Inc., Gilead Sciences Inc., and MSD. Antonio Pagliuca, Beate Gruener, Raoul Herbrecht, Olivier Lortholary, and Cléa Melenotte have no conflicts of interest to declare.

: Ethical approval or waivers were received in each country. In France, a certificate of compliance with MR-004 was obtained. In Germany, a waiver was received from the primary site (Cologne; application number 21–1325). In Italy and Spain, ethics committee approval was received at the primary sites (Italy: University of Turin, Reference ID: 441/2021; Spain: Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Reference ID: G-08431173). In the UK, ethical approval was received from the London—Fulham Research Ethics Committee (Reference ID: 20/PR/0939).