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Authors
Domnich, Alexander https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9608-8892
Lapi, Francesco
Orsi, Andrea
Lai, Piero Luigi
Signori, Alessio
Pestarino, Luca
Brasesco, Pier Claudio
Vicentini, Marta
Puggina, Anna
Marijam, Alen
Fonseca, Maria João
Turriani, Elisa
Trombetta, Carlo-Simone
Garzillo, Giada
Stefanelli, Federica
Ricucci, Valentina
Bruzzone, Bianca
Panatto, Donatella
Icardi, Giancarlo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals (221526)
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Article History
Received: 6 June 2025
Accepted: 17 July 2025
First Online: 2 August 2025
Declarations
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: Alexander Domnich provided consultancies and/or received speaker fees from CSL Seqirus, GSK, Sanofi, and SD Biosensor. Francesco Lapi provided consultancies in protocol preparation for epidemiological studies and data analyses for CSL Seqirus, Moderna, AstraZeneca, Pfizer, and Viatris. Marta Vicentini, Anna Puggina, Alen Marijam, Maria João Fonseca and Elisa Turriani are employees of the GSK group of companies and may hold shares in the GSK group of companies as part of their employee remuneration. Andrea Orsi provided consultancies and/or received speaker fees from CSL Seqirus, Moderna, Novavax, and SD Biosensor. Donatella Panatto provided consultancies for Pfizer and CSL Seqirus and received grants for conducting observational studies from Sanofi, Pfizer, GSK, and Viatris. Giancarlo Icardi provided consultancies and/or received grants for conducting experimental and/or observational studies from GSK, Sanofi, MSD, CSL Seqirus, and Pfizer. Other authors declare no conflicts of interest.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments. The study protocol was approved by the Liguria Region Ethics Committee (#13354 of 18 September 2023). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
