Document is current

Article History

Received: 21 July 2025

Accepted: 2 September 2025

First Online: 15 September 2025

Declarations

:

: Abiu Sempere has received personal compensation from presentations from Gilead, ViiV and J&J outside of the submitted work. Juan Ambrosioni has received research funding from ViiV and Gilead; has participated in Advisory Boards for ViiV, Gilead, MSD, and J&J; has received personal compensation for presentations from ViiV, Gilead, MSD, and J&J; and has participated in  Data Safety Monitoring Boards for HIPRA and Grifols, outside of the submitted work. Juan Ambrosioni is an Editorial Board member of Infectious Diseases and Therapy. Juan Ambrosioni was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. José M. Miró has received consulting honoraria and/or research grants from Angelini, Basilea, Contrafect, Cubist, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Jansen, Medtronic, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, and ViiV Healthcare outside the submitted work. Rodrigo Alonso, Leire Berrocal, Julia Calvo, Alberto Foncillas, Iván Chivite, Lorena de la Mora, Alexy Inciarte, Berta Torres, María Martínez-Rebollar, Montserrat Laguno, Ana González-Cordón, José Luis Blanco, Esteban Martínez, Elisa de Lazzari, and Josep Mallolas have nothing to disclose relating to this work.

: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (approval no. HCB/2023/0296). Given the retrospective nature of the study, its potential utility for society, and in accordance with the relevant legislation (Articles 6.1.e and 9.2j of the General Data Protection Regulation [GDPR], as well as Additional Disposition 17.2.d of LOPD-GDD 3/2018), the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona waived the requirement for written informed consent.