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Authors
Zhang, Peng
Zuo, Tongkun
Zhu, Xingxing
Wei, Jilou
Wang, Min
Zhang, Xiangcheng
Huang, Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4121-1114
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Youth Development Program of Northern Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Research Institute's 2024 Projects (HAKY202400210)
International Critical Care Hemoadsorption Academic and Research Enhancement Project of China Health Science and Technology Promotion Association (JKH2023006)
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2025
Accepted: 2 February 2026
First Online: 19 February 2026
Declarations
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: Peng Zhang, Tongkun Zuo, Xingxing Zhu, Jilou Wei, Min Wang, Xiangcheng Zhang, and Ying Huang declare that they have nothing to disclose.
: This study was based on an anonymized, publicly available critical care database of ICU admissions at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Boston, MA, USA). The establishment of this database was approved by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (Approval No. 27252652). All data were fully deidentified, and the requirement for informed consent was waived. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
