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Authors
Nieddu, Francesco
Verzieri, Marta
Vignoli, Marina
Astorino, Valeria
Boscia, Silvia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9687-0729
Pisano, Laura
Ricci, Silvia
Lodi, Lorenzo
Guarnieri, Valentina
Di Berardino, Francesca
Figlioli, Francesca
Masi, Stefano
Indolfi, Giuseppe
Azzari, Chiara
Moriondo, Maria
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Regione Toscana (G14I20000320002)
European Commission (B83C22003920001)
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Article History
Received: 9 December 2025
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 19 March 2026
Declarations
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: Chiara Azzari has received research grants and/or scientific consulting fees for having participated at advisory board and/or sponsored symposia from AstraZeneca, GSK, Merck, Moderna, Sanofi and Pfizer. Francesco Nieddu, Marta Verzieri, Marina Vignoli, Valeria Astorino, Silvia Boscia, Laura Pisano, Silvia Ricci, Lorenzo Lodi, Valentina Guarnieri, Francesca Di Berardino, Francesca Figlioli, Stefano Masi, Giuseppe Indolfi, Maria Moriondo declare no conflicts of interest.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. This retrospective observational study was approved by the Tuscany Region Ethics Committee (approval no. 285-2021). This retrospective, non-interventional observational study was conducted at AOU Meyer IRCCS under the provisions of Article 110-bis of Legislative Decree 101/2018 and Article 9(2)(j) of the EU General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation EU 2016/679).
