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Authors
González-Cordón, Ana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0894-3711
Calvo, Júlia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6433-3766
Berrocal, Leire https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4198-829X
León-Fabo, Maite https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0035-4574
Martínez-Rebollar, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2301-4101
Chivite, Ivan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1959-246X
Inciarte, Alexy https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1896-3457
Arreba, Paula
Ambrosioni, Juan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9931-6686
de la Mora, Lorena https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2308-5206
Callau, Pilar
Foncillas, Alberto https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9253-3186
Sempere, Abiu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3347-9383
Blanco, José Luis https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2010-2744
Martinez, Esteban https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6911-8846
Miro, Jose M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8057-7755
Llobet, Roger
de Lazzari, Elisa https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2614-6545
Mallolas, Josep https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8365-141X
Laguno, Montserrat https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7798-6352
Torres, Berta https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1996-4726
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Article History
Received: 25 March 2026
Accepted: 19 May 2026
First Online: 11 June 2026
Declarations
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: Ana González-Cordón has received honoraria for lectures or AB, consulting fees, and/or research grants from Gilead Sciences, J&J, Merck Sharp & Dohme and ViiV Healthcare, and travel support from Gilead Sciences, and ViiV Healthcare, outside the submitted work. Júlia Calvo has received honoraria for lectures or AB, and travel support from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences and Janssen, outside the submitted work. Maria Martínez‑Rebollar has received honoraria for lectures or AB from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare and J&J, has received honoraria for leadership role from Gilead Sciences, and travel support from Gilead Sciences, outside the submitted work. Ivan Chivite has received honoraria for lectures, consulting fees, and research grants from Gilead Sciences, Janssen (J&J), Merck Sharp & Dohme, and ViiV Healthcare, as well as travel support from Gilead Sciences and ViiV Healthcare, outside the submitted work. Alexy Inciarte has received research funding from Gilead, Janssen, and GSK and has served on AB for Almirall, Pfizer, AbbVie, and Bayer, outside the submitted work. Juan Ambrosioni has received research funding from ViiV Healthcare and Gilead Sciences, has participated in AB for ViiV, Gilead Sciences, MSD and J&J, has received personal compensation for presentations from ViiV, Gilead Sciences, MSD and J&J, has participated in DSMB for HIPRA and Grifols. Juan Ambrosioni is an Editorial Board member of Infectious Diseases and Therapy. Juan Ambrosioni was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. Lorena de la Mora has received honoraria for lectures or AB and/or research grants, and travel support from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences and Janssen, outside the submitted work. Alberto Foncillas has received honoraria for lectures or AB and/or research grants, and travel support from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences and Janssen, outside the submitted work. Abiu Sempere has received honoraria for lectures and/or research grants and travel support from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare and MSD, outside the submitted work. José Luis Blanco has received honoraria for lectures or AB and/or research grants, and travel support from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and MSD, outside the submitted work. Esteban Martinez has received honoraria for lectures or AB and/or research grants from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and MSD, outside the submitted work, and has held unpaid leadership roles as Past President of EACS and as President of NEAT ID. Jose M. Miro has received consulting honoraria and/or research grants from Angelini, Basilea, Contrafect, Cubist, Genentech, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Medtronic, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, and ViiV Healthcare, outside the submitted work. Jose M. Miro received a personal 80:20 research grant from Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain, during 2017–26, unrelated to the present study. Josep Mallolas has received honoraria for lectures from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, J&J and MSD, outside the submitted work. Montserrat Laguno has received research funding from ViiV Healthcare and Gilead Sciences, has participated in AB for J&J, has received personal compensation for presentations from ViiV Healthcare, Gilead Sciences, MSD and J&J, and travel support from Gilead Sciences, outside the submitted work. Berta Torres has received honoraria for lectures or AB, consulting fees, and/or research grants from Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme and ViiV Healthcare, and travel support from Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, and MSD, outside the submitted work. Leire Berrocal, Maite León-Fabo, Paula Arreba, Pilar Callau, Roger Llobet, Elisa de Lazzari have nothing to disclose.
: The protocol was approved by the local Ethics Committee (protocol number HCB/2022/0770) and was conducted in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice Guidelines and Declaration of Helsinki. All participants provided written informed consent before enrolment.
