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Authors
Brodin, Petter
Wilczyński, Fryderyk
Ricci Pacifici, Luca
Gabb, Peter D. https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6002-7105
Prudden, Holly
Magnatti, Giorgia
Hallberg, Sara
Tuovinen, Mikko
Tormod, Åsa
Zhou, Amy
Bergenheim, Klas
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
AstraZeneca
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Article History
Received: 8 July 2026
Accepted: 3 August 2026
First Online: 29 August 2026
Declarations
Conflict of interest: Petter Brodin is a cofounder of Cytodelics AB and a scientific advisor for Pixelgen Technologies AB, Helaina Inc., Scailyte AG, Oxford Immune Algorithmics Ltd., Sention Health AB, and the Swedish Olympic Committee. He also has ongoing research collaborations with AstraZeneca, Nestlé, and Pfizer. Fryderyk Wilczyński, Luca Ricci Pacifici, Peter Gabb, Holly Prudden, and Giorgia Magnatti are/were employees of Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd. Health Economics and Outcomes Research Ltd. received fees from AstraZeneca in relation to this study. Sara Hallberg, Åsa Tormod, Mikko Tuovinen, Amy Zhou, and Klas Bergenheim are employees and may or may not hold stocks in AstraZeneca.
Ethical Approval: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and Good Clinical Practice guidelines. This study did not require informed consent or institutional/ethical review board approval because it was based on published data only.
