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Article History

Received: 12 February 2025

Accepted: 26 March 2025

First Online: 23 April 2025

Declarations

:

: Giustino Varrassi received honoraria from Abbott, Agave, Berlin-Chemie, Menarini, Zambon, and several other companies, as a consultant or member of speakers’ bureau and advisory board, during the last 24 months. Giustino Varrassi is an Editor-in-Chief of Pain and Therapy. Giustino Varrassi was not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions. In the last 2 years, Diego Fornasari had relationships as a component of the speakers’ bureau, consultant and member of advisory boards with the following companies: Abiogen, Alfasigma, Angelini, Agave, Chiesi Daiichi-Sankyo, Grunenthal, Lundbeck, Janssen, Molteni, Sandoz, Samsung, Sobi, SPA, Viatris, Zambon. Serge Perrot received fees for advisory board participation and consultancy from Sanofi, GSK, Menarini, Zambon. Franco Radaelli and Juan Perez Cajaraville declare no competing financial interests. Piercarlo Sarzi Puttini received fees for advisory board participation and consultancy by Novartis, Johnson and Johnson, Eli Lilly, UCB, Viatris, Alfasigma. Piercarlo Sarzi Puttini was also supported and funded by the Italian Ministry of Health, “Ricerca Corrente”.

: This article is based on previously conducted studies and does not contain any new studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.