Document is current

Article History

Received: 28 March 2025

Accepted: 9 June 2025

First Online: 10 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Cecelia Koetting reports serving as a speaker, consultant, research, and/or advisory for Allergan/AbbVie, Alcon, Azura, Bausch + Lomb, Blinkjoy, Bruder, Dompe, Harrow, Myze, Orasis, PRN, Tarsus, Topcon Healthcare, Trukera Medical, and Viatris. Justin Schweitzer reports serving as a consultant or speaker for Alcon, Allergan/AbbVie, Bausch + Lomb, Bruder, Dompé, Glaukos, Iveric Bio, LKC Technologies, MediPrint Ophthalmics, Ocuphire Pharma, Reichert Technologies, ScienceBased Health, Sight Sciences, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Théa, Topcon Healthcare, Trukera Medical, Visus Therapeutics, and Zeiss; and serving as Chief Medical Editor for Modern Optometry. Kelly K. Nichols reports receiving research funding from Aramis Biosciences, Kowa, ScienceBased Health, Sylentis, and TearScience; and serving as a consultant to and receiving honoraria from Allergan/AbbVie, Alcon, Aldeyra Therapeutics, Azura Ophthalmics, Bausch + Lomb, Bruder, Cavalry Biosciences, Dompé, HanAll Biopharma, Harrow, Novaliq, Novartis, Oyster Point Pharma (now Viatris), Sight Sciences, Sydnexis, Tarsus, TearSolutions, Théa, Topcon Healthcare, and Trukera Medical. Marguerite McDonald reports serving as a consultant to AbbVie, Alcon, Bausch + Lomb, Brill, Johnson & Johnson, Nordic Pharma, Ocuphire Pharma, Sun Pharma, Tarsus, and Trukera. Christopher E. Starr reports serving as a consultant to Alcon, Aldeyra Therapeutics, Allergan/AbbVie, Allgenesis, Amgen, Azura, Bausch + Lomb, BlephEx, Bruder Healthcare, CSI Dry Eye, Dompé, Èssiri, Eye Care International (ECI), Glaukos, Johnson & Johnson Vision, Kala Pharmaceuticals, Lumenis Be, Novaliq, Novartis, Nuvissa, Oculis, Oyster Point Pharma (now Viatris), Quidel, Sight Sciences, Sofia Biologics, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Tarsus, Thea Pharma, Trukera Medical, and Verséa Health; and having stock options in CSI Dry Eye, Sofia Biologics, and Nuvissa. Clara C. Chan reports serving on advisory boards, speakers bureaus, or as a consultant for AbbVie, Aequus Pharmaceuticals, Aurion Biotech, Bausch + Lomb, Johnson & Johnson, Kala Ophthalmics, Labtician Ophthalmics, Novartis, Santen Pharmaceutical, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Théa Pharma, and Valeo Pharma; and also has received research funding from Claris Bio and CorNeat. Mile Brujic reports serving as a speaker, consultant, researcher, and/or advisor, and received meeting support from ABB Optical Group, Alcon, Allergan/AbbVie, Art Optical, Bausch + Lomb Health, BlephEx, Contamac, CooperVision, CSEye, Dompé, Euclid, Eyevance Pharmaceuticals, Horizon Therapeutics, Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Kala Pharmaceuticals, Luneau, Novartis, Optovue, Oyster Point Pharma, RVL, Sight Sciences, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Tangible Science, Tarsus, Viatris, Visionix, Walman Optical, and ZeaVision. Louis Racine reports serving on advisory boards, speakers bureaus, or as a consultant for Allergan, AbbVie, Alcon, Bausch + Lomb, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Théa Pharma, Staar Surgical, and Rayner Group. Francis S. Mah reports receiving grants from Allergan; reports personal fees from Shire/Takeda/Novartis; and being a consultant for Allergan, Eyevance Pharmaceuticals, Kala Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, and Sun Pharmaceutical Industries. Melissa Barnett reports serving on advisory boards or as a consultant, global ambassador, or speaker for ABB, AbbVie, Alcon, Azura Ophthalmics, Bausch + Lomb, BCLA, Bruder Healthcare, Bruno Vision, Cloudbreak Pharma, CooperVision, Dompé, Epion, Gas Permeable Lens Institute, Ocusoft, Orasis Pharmaceuticals, Percept, ScienceBased Health, Sjögren’s Foundation, STAPLE Program, Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Théa Pharma, and Visus Therapeutics. Marjan Farid reports serving as a consultant for Bausch + Lomb and Johnson & Johnson Vision. Eric D. Donnenfeld reports serving as a consultant to Bausch + Lomb, Ocular Therapeutix, and Rayner; and reports receiving grants from Omeros. Carolina Mercado reports serving as a consultant to Bausch + Lomb. Michelle Ratay, Megan Cavet, Robert Ryan, and Joel Fain are employees of Bausch + Lomb. Lisa K. Feulner reports serving on advisory boards or as a consultant, global ambassador, or speaker for AbbVie, Alcon, Bausch + Lomb, Bruder Healthcare Company, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Glaukos, Regener-Eyes, Science Based Health, Sun Ophthalmics, Thea Pharma, and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals.

: This study was determined IRB-exempt by WCG IRB (Princeton, NJ, USA; IRB tracking ID 202425583). The study was exempt from IRB approval under 45 CFR § 46.104(d)(2) because the research only includes interactions involving survey procedures; and there are adequate provisions to protect the privacy of subjects and to maintain the confidentiality of data.