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Authors
Tsao, Yu-Ting
Kang, Eugene Yu-Chuan
Wu, Chiao-En
Hung, Ning
Chen, Hung-Chi
Hsiao, Ching-Hsi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou (CMRPG1M0061)
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Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Accepted: 25 June 2025
First Online: 17 July 2025
Declarations
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: Yu-Ting Tsao, Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang, Chiao-En Wu, Ning Hung, Hung-Chi Chen, and Ching-Hsi Hsiao declare that they have no competing interests regarding this work. However, Ning Hung is now affiliated with the Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan.
: This study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki and followed the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) reporting guidelines for observational cohort studies. This study was approved by the Ethics Institutional Review Board of CGMH (IRB: 202201273B0), and the requirement for informed consent was waived because of the deidentified data.
