Document is current

Article History

Received: 26 May 2025

Accepted: 10 July 2025

First Online: 17 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Nicolò Ribarich, Marco Battista, Lisa Checchin: none. Riccardo Sacconi is consultant for Allergan Inc, Bayer Shering-Pharma, Medivis, Novartis, and Zeiss. Francesco Bandello consultant for: Alcon (Fort Worth, Texas, USA), Alimera Sciences (Alpharetta, Georgia, USA), Allergan Inc (Irvine, California, USA), Farmila-Thea (Clermont-Ferrand, France), Bayer Shering-Pharma (Berlin, Germany), Bausch And Lomb (Rochester, New York, USA), Genentech (San Francisco, California, USA), Hoffmann-La-Roche (Basel, Switzerland), NovagaliPharma (Évry, France), Novartis (Basel, Switzerland), Sanofi-Aventis (Paris, France), Thrombogenics (Heverlee, Belgium), Zeiss (Dublin, USA). Giuseppe Querques is consultant for Alimera Sciences, Allergan Inc, Amgen, Bayer Shering-Pharma, Heidelberg, KBH, LEH Pharma, Lumithera, Novartis, Sandoz, Sifi, Sooft-Fidea, and Zeiss. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. Giuseppe Querques and Riccardo Sacconi are Editorial Board members of Ophthalmology and Therapy. They were not involved in the selection of peer reviewers for the manuscript nor any of the subsequent editorial decisions.

: This retrospective study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964, and its later amendments. All subjects provided informed consent to participate in the study and publication of the information. The ethics committee of IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele was notified about this study. According to Italian law, retrospective studies require the ethics committee to be notified, but do not require its approval.