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Authors
Viggiano, Pasquale https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0323-967X
Accurso Tagano, Lorenzo
Binetti, Roberta
De Leonardis, Stefania
Carella, Marco
Ribezzi, Giulia
Termite, Alba Chiara
Pignataro, Maria Grazia
Dore, Stefano
Evangelista, Federica
Evangelista, Paolo
Iaculli, Cristiana
Alessio, Giovanni
Boscia, Francesco
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Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 5 September 2025
First Online: 24 September 2025
Declarations
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: Pasquale Viggiano is a consultant for AbbVie, Bayer, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, and Zeiss. Francesco Boscia is a consultant for Alcon, AbbVie, Bayer, Hoffmann-La Roche, Novartis, and Zeiss. Lorenzo Accurso Tagano, Roberta Binetti, Stefania De Leonardis, Marco Carella, Giulia Ribezzi, Alba Chiara Termite, Maria Grazia Pignataro, Stefano Dore, Federica Evangelista, Paolo Evangelista, Cristiana Iaculli, and Giovanni Alessio have nothing to disclose.
: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. In Italy, retrospective studies using anonymized data do not require specific patient consent or ethical committee approval. However, this study was reviewed and approved by the internal review boards of the University of Bari "Aldo Moro," who confirmed that patient consent was not required due to the retrospective and anonymized nature of the data. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants for their anonymized information to be published in this article. We thank the participants of the study.
