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Authors
Guo, Shuyang
Pang, Yunlei
Bao, Tong
Wang, Juan
Zhang, Bozhou
Feng, Songfu
Huang, Baoyu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fujian Provincial Special Fund (BPB-2023GJ)
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Article History
Received: 29 November 2025
Accepted: 9 January 2026
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
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: Shuyang Guo, Yunlei Pang, Tong Bao, Juan Wang, Bozhou Zhang, Songfu Feng, and Baoyu Huang confirm that they have no competing interests to declare.
: This study involves human participants. The survey was approved by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) ethics review board. The NCHS IRB/ERC protocol number in this survey covers 2005–2008 (protocol #2005‐06 and continuation of protocol #2005‐06). The participants provided informed consent to participate in the study before taking part. This study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments.
