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Authors
Chuang, Lan-Hsin
Tsai, Daniel Hsiang-Te
Chan, Yuan-Hsi
Shao, Shih-Chieh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-6686
Lai, Chi-Chun
Lai, Edward Chia-Cheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan (NSTC 114-2628-B-006-005-)
National Health Research Institutes of Taiwan (NHRI-14A1-CG-CO-04-2225-1)
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Accepted: 22 January 2026
First Online: 4 February 2026
Declarations
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: Lan-Hsin Chuang, Daniel Hsiang-Te Tsai, Yuan-Hsi Chan, Shih-Chieh Shao, Chi-Chun Lai, and Edward Chia-Cheng Lai confirm that they have no conflicts of interest to declare.
: This study was performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its later amendments, with the exception that this trial was retrospectively registered. It was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chang Gung Medical Foundation (IRB number 202401821B1).
