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Article History

Received: 24 March 2026

Accepted: 14 May 2026

First Online: 5 June 2026

Declarations

:

: All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE disclosures form. Tomás Hernández, Sara Labay, Carlos Arciniegas, Elena Ávila, Cristina Vendrell, Shirin Djavanmardi, Nuris Nuria Gabarró, and Naiara Relaño have no conflicts of interest to declare. Susana Duch is a consultant for Alcon, Abbvie, Bausch & Lomb, Horus Pharma, Glaukos, Théa, and Santen. Alegria Amram declares working as a medical advisor at Horus Pharma Ibérica at the time of publication. Elena Millá is a consultant for Abbvie, Santen, Salvat, AOI, Visufarma, VIU 20/20, Thea, and Brill Pharma.

: The study adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from Hospital Clínic de Barcelona Ethics Review Board (HCB/2024/0234). The Ethics Committee of Hospital Clínic, both in its composition and in its procedures, complies with the standards of EMA/CHMP/ICH/135/1995 and with the current legislation that regulates its operation. The need for written informed consent was waived by the ethics review board, as no personally identifiable information was collected.