Article History
Accepted: 21 May 2023
First Online: 20 July 2023
Declarations
:
: Dr. Le Guen: none.Drs Liu is the inventor and co-owner of a patent for a gain constant and control algorithm for a closed-loop anesthesia management system. He is a co-founder of MedSteer, a biomedical company that promotes research and development in closed-loop anesthesia devices.Dr. Jean Selim: none.
: This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.