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Authors
Pafi, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9104-5559
Urselmann, Espen
Toonen, Hilde https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2111-3090
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWA.1389.20.097)
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Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 21 November 2025
First Online: 19 January 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests. Maria Pafi and Hilde Toonen received financial support for this research from the project 'OR ELSE: Operational Recommendations for Ecosystem-based Large-scale Sand Extraction' with project number NWA.1389.20.097 of the NWA research programme 'Research along Routes by Consortia (ORC)', which is funded by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). No funds or grant was received by Espen Urselmann. The authors independently designed the study, collected the data, conducted the analysis, and interpreted the results.
