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Article History

Received: 3 September 2024

Accepted: 27 February 2025

First Online: 13 March 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable.

: In this study, participants were fully informed of the purpose, procedures, potential risks, and benefits of the research. They were assured that their participation was voluntary, and they could withdraw at any time without penalty or loss of benefits. All participants provided written informed consent prior to their involvement in the study. Their confidentiality was maintained throughout the research process, and personal data were stored securely. For further inquiries, participants were provided with contact information for the research team.

: All participants in this study provided informed consent for their data and results to be published in scientific journals. The authors confirm that no personally identifiable information is included in the published data, and all data have been anonymized to maintain participant confidentiality. Furthermore, the authors have obtained consent for any images, audio, or video materials used in the publication. The publication of this research adheres to the ethical standards and guidelines set by the institution and the relevant regulatory bodies.

: The authors declare no competing interests.