Fey, G. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1754-7469
Kromm, A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0340-9656
Kannengiesser, T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8513-2429
Funding for this research was provided by:
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz (Nr. 01IF22743N / P 1668)
Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)
Article History
Received: 30 January 2026
Accepted: 4 May 2026
First Online: 2 June 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution, and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit .