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Authors
Wang, Pengjun https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3806-1021
Wen, Ying https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7028-8124
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project (No. Z-2023068)
Shandong Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project (Z-2023068)
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Article History
Received: 21 October 2025
Accepted: 23 November 2025
First Online: 11 December 2025
Declarations
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: The present meta-analysis synthesizes data exclusively from previously published articles available in public databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science). Ethical approval was waived by the Research Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, since no new human subjects were involved. All primary studies included in this synthesis declared compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and obtained informed consent. Individual patient data, where analyzed, were anonymized at the source studies and re-anonymized during our extraction process. The authors confirm no competing interests related to biomarkers discussed in this work.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
