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Authors
Azarboo, Alireza
Zareshahi, Negar
Moodi, Mitra
Ramezani, Akam
Fakhrzadeh, Hossein
Khorashadizadeh, Masoumeh
Ejtahed, Hanieh-Sadat
Sharifi, Farshad
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Article History
Received: 6 February 2026
Accepted: 3 June 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Declarations
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: This study used data from the baseline phase of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study (BLAS; 11 October 2018–29 December 2018). Ethical approval was obtained from the Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (IR.TUMS.EMRI.REC.1396.00158), and Birjand University of Medical Sciences (IR.BUMS.REC.1397.282). The follow-up phase (to 8 March 2021) was approved under IR.TUMS.EMRI.REC.1399.071.
: All participants provided written informed consent; for individuals with cognitive impairment or illiteracy, consent was obtained through approved alternative procedures.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
