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Authors
Niknam, Mahdieh
Hosseinpour-Niazi, Somayeh
Shokri, Shiva
Mirmiran, Parvin
Amiri, Parisa
Ainy, Elaheh
Azizi, Fereidoun
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (43001235)
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Article History
Received: 24 October 2025
Accepted: 7 June 2026
First Online: 16 June 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran under the ethical code no IR.SBMU.ENDOCRINE.REC.1404.027 prior to commencing the study. All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board of the Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration.
: All participants in TLGS provided written informed consent prior to participation. As the present study used only anonymized TLGS datasets, no new consent was required.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
