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Article History

Accepted: 31 July 2024

First Online: 13 August 2024

Declarations

:

: This work was funded by the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (grants K01HL142847 and R01HL15705). Dr. Magnani is funded by R01HL160749 and K24HL160527. Dr. Guo is funded by NIDDK R01DK133465 and PhRMA Foundation Research Starter Award. The funders had no role in design and conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data, preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript, and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

: Inmaculada Hernandez has received consulting fees from Pfizer and Bristol Myers Squibb, outside of the submitted work. Lanting Yang, Shangbin Tang, Jingchuan Guo, Nico Gabriel, Walid F Gellad, Utibe R. Essien, and Jared W. Magnani no competing interests to declare.

: L.Y. carried out conceptualization, data curation, analysis, methodology and writing. S.T. carried out data curation, analysis, methodology, reviewing, and editing. J.G. carried out the investigation, methodology, validation, and reviewing and editing. N.G. carried out and planned the methodology, data curation, validation, and reviewing and editing. W.F.G. carried out the investigation, supervision, validation, and reviewing and editing. U.R.E. carried out the investigation, supervision, validation, and reviewing and editing. J.W.M. carried out the investigation, supervision, validation, and reviewing and editing. I.H. carried out the conceptualization, methodology, investigation, supervision, writing, and reviewing and editing.

: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: The Institutional Review Board at the University of California, San Diego approved this study as exempt as deidentified data were used in analyses.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.