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Article History

Received: 18 November 2025

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 25 April 2026

Declarations

:

: Bo Li, Xiaodong Jin, Zhe Dong, Beibei Song, and Ce Bian made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work. Ce Bian, Xin-Xin Liu, and Qi Shen made substantial contributions to the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work. Bo Li, Ce Bian, and Xin-Xin Liu drafted the work or reviewed it critically for important intellectual content. Bo Li and Xin-Xin Liu gave given final approval of the version to be published. Ce Bian, Qi Shen, Mengjun Zhou, and Zhexue Ren agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

: All authors declare that they have no potential conflicts of interest that might be relevant to the contents of this article.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current systematic review and meta-analysis are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. All data were extracted from previously published studies identified through systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews (registration number: CRD42024623329). Data used in the meta-analysis can be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

: Not applicable.